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ssh客户端的-v开关允许您以详细模式运行ssh,打印有关SSH连接进度的调试信息,这对于调试连接,验证和任何配置问题非常有用。 有不同程度的冗长; 使用多个-v标志会增加冗长度(最大冗余级别为3)。


以下命令将在第一级别冗长的情况下运行SSH,这将给我们提供大量的调试信息,如图所示。


[email protected] ~ $ ssh -v [email protected]

示例输出

OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.2, OpenSSL 1.0.2g-fips  1 Mar 2016

debug1: Reading configuration data /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/config

debug1: /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/config line 18: Applying options for *

debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config

debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *

debug1: Connecting to 192.168.56.10 [192.168.56.10] port 22.

debug1: Connection established.

debug1: identity file /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/id_rsa type 1

debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory

debug1: identity file /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1

debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory

debug1: identity file /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/id_dsa type -1

debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory

debug1: identity file /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1

debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory

debug1: identity file /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1

debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory

debug1: identity file /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1

debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory

debug1: identity file /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1

debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory

debug1: identity file /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1

debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0

debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.2

debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.4

debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.4 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000

debug1: Authenticating to 192.168.56.10:22 as 'howtoing'

debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent

debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received

debug1: kex: algorithm: [email protected]

debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256

debug1: kex: server->client cipher: [email protected] MAC:  compression: [email protected]

debug1: kex: client->server cipher: [email protected] MAC:  compression: [email protected]

debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY

debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:1778erqyug4tHJa7D6y/Ep4UWsUtNEOBSMaj32k9oO8

debug1: Host '192.168.56.10' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.

debug1: Found key in /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/known_hosts:8

debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks

debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent

debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS

debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks

debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received

debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received

debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512>

debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received

debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,password

debug1: Next authentication method: publickey

debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/aaronkilik/.ssh/id_rsa

debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg rsa-sha2-512 blen 279

debug1: Enabling compression at level 6.

debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey).

Authenticated to 192.168.56.10 ([192.168.56.10]:22).

debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]

debug1: Requesting [email protected]

debug1: Entering interactive session.

debug1: pledge: network

debug1: client_input_global_request: rtype [email protected] want_reply 0

debug1: Sending environment.

debug1: Sending env LC_PAPER = lg_UG.UTF-8

debug1: Sending env LC_ADDRESS = lg_UG.UTF-8

debug1: Sending env LC_MONETARY = lg_UG.UTF-8

debug1: Sending env LC_NUMERIC = lg_UG.UTF-8

debug1: Sending env LC_TELEPHONE = lg_UG.UTF-8

debug1: Sending env LC_IDENTIFICATION = lg_UG.UTF-8

debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8

debug1: Sending env LC_MEASUREMENT = lg_UG.UTF-8

debug1: Sending env LC_NAME = lg_UG.UTF-8

Last login: Sat Jan  6 16:20:11 2018 from 192.168.56.1

尝试注销或退出会话时,您还将看到如图所示的调试消息。


[[email protected] ~]$ exit

logout

debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0

debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype [email protected] reply 0

debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 1

Connection to 192.168.56.10 closed.

Transferred: sent 3392, received 3120 bytes, in 118.1 seconds

Bytes per second: sent 28.7, received 26.4

debug1: Exit status 0

debug1: compress outgoing: raw data 1159, compressed 573, factor 0.49

debug1: compress incoming: raw data 573, compressed 1159, factor 2.02

接下来,您可以为更多的调试消息启用额外的(2级和3级)详细信息,如图所示。


$ ssh -vv [email protected]

$ ssh -vvv [email protected]


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